# Ingredient List:
→ Pasta
01 - 12 oz short pasta such as penne, rigatoni, or fusilli
→ Sausage
02 - 9 oz Italian sausage, sweet or spicy, casings removed, or plant-based sausage for vegetarian option
→ Vegetables and Aromatics
03 - 1 large fennel bulb, trimmed and thinly sliced
04 - 1 small onion, thinly sliced
05 - 2 cloves garlic, minced
→ Sauce and Seasoning
06 - 2 tablespoons olive oil
07 - 1/4 cup dry white wine, optional
08 - 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes, optional for heat
09 - Salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
→ Finishing
10 - 1/4 cup grated Parmesan cheese, plus additional for serving, or vegetarian and vegan alternatives as needed
11 - Chopped fennel fronds or fresh parsley for garnish
# Directions:
01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook pasta according to package instructions until al dente. Reserve 1/2 cup of pasta water, then drain.
02 - In a large skillet over medium heat, add 1 tablespoon olive oil. If using sausage, add to the pan, breaking apart with a spoon, and cook until browned and cooked through, approximately 4 to 5 minutes. Transfer sausage to a plate.
03 - In the same skillet, add remaining olive oil. Sauté fennel and onion with a pinch of salt for 4 to 5 minutes until softened and slightly golden. Add minced garlic and cook for 1 minute.
04 - If using white wine, pour into the pan, scraping up any browned bits. Allow to simmer for 1 to 2 minutes until mostly evaporated.
05 - Return sausage to the skillet if using. Add red pepper flakes and stir to combine. Add drained pasta along with reserved pasta water. Toss to coat thoroughly, then stir in grated Parmesan. Season with salt and black pepper to taste.
06 - Transfer to serving plates immediately. Top with chopped fennel fronds or parsley and additional Parmesan cheese.